Sensor ea boemo ba Crankshaft: motheo oa enjene ea sejoale-joale

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Sebakeng sefe kapa sefe sa sejoale-joale sa motlakase, ho lula ho na le sensor ea boemo ba crankshaft, motheong oa hore ho hahiloe lits'ebetso tsa ho chesa le ho kenya mafura.Bala tsohle ka li-sensor tsa boemo ba crankshaft, mefuta ea tsona, moralo le ts'ebetso, hammoho le khetho e nepahetseng le phetisetso ea lisebelisoa tsena sengolong.

 

Morero le sebaka sa sensor ea boemo ba crankshaft ka enjene

Crankshaft position sensor (DPKV, synchronization sensor, reference start sensor) - karolo ea tsamaiso ea elektronike ea ho laola mochine o tukang ka hare;Sensor e hlokomelang litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea crankshaft (boemo, lebelo), le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea litsamaiso tse kholo tsa yuniti ea matla (ho khantša, matla, phepelo ea khase, joalo-joalo).

Lienjineri tsa sejoale-joale tse tukang ka hare tsa mefuta eohle boholo ba tsona li na le lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea elektroniki, tse nkang ts'ebetso ea yuniti ka botlalo ka mekhoa eohle.Sebaka sa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lits'ebetsong tse joalo ke li-sensor - lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tse latelang litšobotsi tse itseng tsa motlakase, 'me li fetisetsa data ho unit control unit (ECU).Li-sensor tse ling li bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea yuniti ea matla, ho kenyelletsa le sensor ea boemo ba crankshaft.

DPKV e lekanya paramethara e le 'ngoe - boemo ba crankshaft sebakeng se seng le se seng ka nako.Ho itšetlehile ka lintlha tse fumanoeng, lebelo la shaft le lebelo la eona la angular le khethoa.Ho fumana tlhahisoleseling ena, ECU e rarolla mesebetsi e mengata e fapaneng:

● Boikemisetso ba nako ea TDC (kapa TDC) ea li-piston tsa li-cylinders tsa pele le / kapa tsa bone;
● Ho laola tsamaiso ea ente ea mafura - boikemisetso ba nako ea ente le nako ea li-injection;
● Taolo ea tsamaiso ea ho khantša - boikemisetso ba nako ea ho khantša ka har'a silindara ka 'ngoe;
● Ho laola mokhoa oa ho fetola nako oa li-valve;
● Taolo ea ts'ebetso ea likarolo tsa tsamaiso ea ho khutlisa mouoane oa mafura;
● Taolo le tokiso ea ts'ebetso ea litsamaiso tse ling tse amanang le enjene.

Kahoo, DPKV e netefatsa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea yuniti ea matla, e khethollang ka botlalo ts'ebetso ea lits'ebetso tsa eona tse peli tse kholo - ho khantša (feela ka lienjineng tsa peterole) le ente ea mafura (ka lienjineri le lienjineri tsa disele).Hape, sensor e ile ea fetoha e loketseng ho laola litsamaiso tse ling tsa makoloi, ts'ebetso ea eona e hokahaneng ka kotloloho kapa e sa tobang le boemo le lebelo la shaft.Sensor e fosahetseng e ka senya ts'ebetso ea enjene ka botlalo, kahoo e tlameha ho nkeloa sebaka.Empa pele u reka DPKV e ncha, u lokela ho utloisisa mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsena, moralo le ts'ebetso ea tsona.

Mefuta, moralo le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea DPKV

Ho sa tsotelehe mofuta le moralo, li-sensor tsa boemo ba crankshaft li na le likarolo tse peli:

● Sensor ea boemo;
● The master disk (sync disk, sync disk).

DPKV e kenngoa ka mokotleng oa polasetiki kapa oa aluminium, o kenngoa ka bracket haufi le master disk.Sensor e na le sehokelo se tloaelehileng sa motlakase bakeng sa ho hokahana le sistimi ea motlakase ea koloi, sehokelo se ka fumaneha ka bobeli 'meleng oa sensor le ka mohala oa eona oa bolelele bo khuts'oane.Sensor e tsepamisitsoe holim'a enjene ea enjene kapa ka har'a bracket e khethehileng, e fumaneha ka thoko ho master disc mme ha e ntse e sebetsa e bala meno a eona.

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Sensor ea boemo ba Crankshaft lienjineng tse fapaneng

Master disc ke pulley kapa lebili, haufi le periphery eo ho eona ho nang le meno a profil ea lisekoere.Diski e tsitsitse ka thata holim'a pulley ea crankshaft kapa ka ho toba monoaneng oa eona, e leng se tiisang ho potoloha ha likarolo ka bobeli ka maqhubu a tšoanang.

Ts'ebetso ea sensor e ka ipapisa le liketsahalo le litlamorao tse fapaneng, tse atileng haholo ke lisebelisoa tsa mefuta e meraro:

● Inductive (kapa makenete);
● E itšetlehile ka phello ea Holo;
● Optical (leseli).

E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mefuta ea li-sensor e na le likarolo tsa eona tsa moralo le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso.

Inductive (magnetic) DPKV.Bohareng ba sesebelisoa ho na le mokokotlo oa makenete o behiloeng ka har'a matsoeli (coil).Ts'ebetso ea sensor e ipapisitse le phello ea induction ea motlakase.Ha u phomola, matla a khoheli a sensor a lula a le teng 'me ha ho na hona joale ha a ntse a fofa.Ha leino la tšepe la master disk le feta haufi le motlakase oa motlakase, matla a khoheli a pota-potileng mokokotlo a fetoha ka tšohanyetso, e leng se lebisang ho kenyelletsoeng ha hona joale ho potoloha.Ha disc e potoloha, ho fetoha ha maqhubu a maqhubu a itseng ho etsahala ka tlhahiso ea sensor, e sebelisoang ke ECU ho fumana lebelo la crankshaft le boemo ba lona.

Ona ke moralo o bonolo ka ho fetisisa oa sensor, o sebelisoa haholo mefuta eohle ea lienjine.Molemo oa lisebelisoa tsa mofuta ona ke ts'ebetso ea bona ntle le phepelo ea motlakase - sena se etsa hore ho khonehe ho li kopanya ka mohala o le mong feela oa lithapo ka ho toba ho sehlopha sa taolo.

Sensor ea phello ea holo.Sensor e ipapisitse le phello e fumanoeng ke setsebi sa fisiks sa Amerika Edwin Hall hoo e ka bang lilemo tse lekholo le halofo tse fetileng: ha motlakase o feta mahlakoreng a mabeli a fapaneng a poleiti e tšesaane ea tšepe e behiloeng sebakeng sa matla a khoheli, motlakase o hlaha ka mahlakoreng a mang a mabeli.Li-sensor tsa sejoale-joale tsa mofuta ona li hahiloe holim'a li-chips tse khethehileng tsa Hall tse kentsoeng ka mokotleng o nang le matla a khoheli, 'me li-disk tsa tsona li na le meno a matla a makenete.Sensor e sebetsa ka mokhoa o bonolo: ha u phomola, ho na le motlakase oa zero ka tlhahiso ea sensor, ha leino la magnetized le feta, motlakase o hlaha ho tsoa.Joalo ka ketsahalong e fetileng, ha master disk e potoloha, ho hlaha hona joale ho hlahisoang ke DPKV, e fanoang ho ECU.

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Sensor ea boemo ba crankshaft ea inductive

Ena ke sensor e rarahaneng haholoanyane, eo, leha ho le joalo, e fanang ka ho nepahala ha tekanyo e phahameng holim'a lebelo lohle la crankshaft.Hape, sensor ea Holo e hloka phepelo ea motlakase e arohaneng bakeng sa ts'ebetso, ka hona e hokahantsoe ka lithapo tse tharo kapa tse nne.

Li-sensor tsa Optical.Motheo oa kutlo ke mohloli oa leseli le moamoheli (LED le photodiode), ka lekhalo pakeng tsa moo ho nang le meno kapa masoba a master disk.Sensor e sebetsa ka mokhoa o bonolo: disk, ha e potoloha ka linako tse fapaneng, e feta LED, ka lebaka leo ho thehoa ha pulsed current ha ho hlahisoa photodiode - e sebelisoa ke yuniti ea elektronike bakeng sa tekanyo.

Hona joale, li-sensor tsa optical li na le tšebeliso e fokolang, ka lebaka la maemo a thata a ts'ebetso ea tsona ka enjene - lerōle le phahameng, monyetla oa ho tsuba, ho silafatsoa ke metsi, litšila tsa litsela, joalo-joalo.

 

Li-disk tsa master tse tloaelehileng li sebelisoa ho sebetsa le li-sensor.Diski e joalo e arotsoe ka meno a 60 a fumanehang likhato tse ling le tse ling tse 6, ha sebakeng se le seng sa disc ha ho na meno a mabeli (sync mofuta oa 60-2) - pase ena ke qalo ea ho potoloha ha crankshaft mme e netefatsa khokahano ea sensor, ECU le litsamaiso tse amanang le tsona.Hangata, leino la pele ka mor'a ho tlōla le lumellana le boemo ba piston ea cylinder ea pele kapa ea ho qetela ho TDC kapa TDC.Ho boetse ho na le li-discs tse nang le litlolo tse peli tsa meno tse ka lehlakoreng la likhato tse 180 ho tse ling (mofuta oa sync ea 60-2-2), li-disk tse joalo li sebelisoa mefuteng e meng ea likarolo tsa matla a dizeli.

Li-disc tsa master bakeng sa li-sensor tsa inductive li entsoe ka tšepe, ka linako tse ling ka nako e le 'ngoe le pulley ea crankshaft.Li-discs tsa li-sensor tsa Holo hangata li entsoe ka polasetiki, 'me limatlase tse sa feleng li teng menong a tsona.

Qetellong, rea hlokomela hore DPKV e atisa ho sebelisoa ka bobeli holim'a crankshaft le camshaft, tabeng ea ho qetela, e sebelisetsoa ho lekola boemo le lebelo la camshaft le ho etsa liphetoho ts'ebetsong ea mochine oa phepelo ea khase.

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Ho kenya mofuta oa inductive DPKV le master disk

Mokhoa oa ho khetha le ho khutlisa sensor ea crankshaft ka nepo

DPKV e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho enjene, ho se sebetse hantle ha sensor ho lebisa ho senyeha ho hoholo ha ts'ebetso ea enjene (ho qala ka thata, ts'ebetso e sa tsitsang, ho fokotseha ha litšobotsi tsa matla, ho phatloha, joalo-joalo).'Me maemong a mang, haeba DPKV e hlōleha, enjene e fetoha e sa sebetseng ka ho feletseng (joalokaha ho bontšoa ke letšoao la Check Engine).Haeba ho na le mathata a hlalositsoeng ka ts'ebetso ea enjene, joale o lokela ho hlahloba sensor ea crankshaft, 'me haeba e sa sebetse hantle, e nke sebaka.

Ntlha ea pele, o hloka ho hlahloba sensor, hlahloba botšepehi ba 'mele oa eona, sehokelo le lithapo.Sensor inductive e ka hlahlojoa ka tester - e lekane ho lekanya ho hanyetsa ha moea, oo mochine o sebetsang o nang le oona ka har'a 0.6-1.0 kOhm.Sensor ea Hall e ke ke ea hlahlojoa ka tsela ena, tlhahlobo ea eona e ka etsoa feela ka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng.Empa tsela e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke ho kenya sensor e ncha, 'me haeba enjene e qala, joale bothata bo ne bo le teng ka ho se sebetse hantle ha DPKV ea khale.

Ho nkela sebaka, o lokela ho khetha sensor feela ea mofuta o kentsoeng koloing mme o khothaletsoa ke automaker.Li-sensor tsa mofuta o mong li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa kena sebakeng kapa tsa etsa liphoso tse kholo ka litekanyo,' me, ka lebaka leo, li senya ts'ebetso ea motlakase.DPKV e lokela ho fetoloa ho latela litaelo tsa tokiso ea koloi.Hangata, ho lekane ho hakolla sehokelo sa motlakase, ho notlolla li-screws / li-bolts tse le 'ngoe, ho tlosa sensor le ho kenya e ncha.Sensor e ncha e lokela ho ba hole le 0.5-1.5 mm ho tloha qetellong ea master disc (sebaka se tobileng se bontšitsoe ka litaelo), sebaka sena se ka fetoloa ka li-washer kapa ka tsela e 'ngoe.Ka khetho e nepahetseng ea DPKV le phetisetso ea eona, enjene e tla qala ho sebetsa hang-hang, maemong a mang feela ho tla hlokahala ho lekanya sensor le ho lokisa likhoutu tsa liphoso.


Nako ea poso: Jul-13-2023