Ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea enjene e ka khonahala feela haeba crankshaft ea eona e se na phallo ea bohlokoa ea axial - backlash.Sebaka se tsitsitseng sa shaft se fanoa ke likarolo tse khethehileng - ho sutumetsa halofo ea mehele.Bala ka mehele ea halofo ea crankshaft, mefuta ea eona, moralo, khetho le phetisetso sengolong sena.
Half-ring ea tšehetso ea crankshaft ke eng?
Sensor khatello ea oli ke ntho e hlokolosi ea lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa alamo bakeng sa sistimi ea lubrication ea lienjineri tse tukang tse ka hare;Sensor bakeng sa ho lekanya khatello ea tsamaiso ea lubrication le ho bontša ho fokotseha ha eona ka tlase ho boemo bo boima.
Mehele ea halofo ea crankshaft (mehele e tšehetsang halofo ea li-half-rings, li-washer tsa crankshaft tse nang le li-half-rings) ke li-bearings tse khethehileng tse hlakileng ka mokhoa oa li-half-rings tse etsang hore ho be le ts'ebetso ea axial displacement (backlash, clearance) ea crankshaft ea mollo o ka hare. enjene.
Lienjineng tse tukang ka hare, bothata ba likhohlano bo matla haholo, bo bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa crankshaft - ka enjene e tloaelehileng ea li-cylinder tse 'ne, shaft e na le bonyane lintlha tse hlano (likoranta tse kholo) tse nang le sebaka se seholo sa ho ikopanya.Matla a ho hohlana a maholo le ho feta a ka ba teng ha mehlahare ea shaft e kopana le litšehetso.Ho qoba boemo bona, likoranta tse kholo tsa crankshaft li entsoe ka bophara ho feta litšehetso tsa tsona.Leha ho le joalo, tharollo e joalo e baka papali ea axial ea crankshaft, e sa amoheleheng ka ho feletseng - metsamao ea axial ea shaft e lebisa ho senyeha ho matla ha likarolo tsa mochine oa crank mme ho ka baka ho senyeha ha bona.
Ho felisa mokokotlo oa crankshaft, ho kenyeletsoa thrust bear ho e 'ngoe ea litšehetso tsa eona.Sebaka sena se fapane le liner tse tloaelehileng ka ho ba teng ha libaka tsa lateral tse phunyeletsang ka mokhoa oa molala, mehele e tlosoang kapa mehele ea halofo.Marameng a crankshaft sebakeng sa ho kengoa ha bere ena, ho etsoa libaka tsa marang-rang tsa annular - li kopane le mehele ea halofo.Kajeno, lienjineri tsohle tsa piston li na le li-thrust bearings, athe likarolo tsohle li na le sebopeho se ts'oanang le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso.
Mefuta le moralo oa crankshaft e tšehetsa mehele ea halofo
Ho sebelisoa mefuta e 'meli ea likarolo ho fokotsa papali ea crankshaft:
• Hlakola li-half-rings;
• Lihlatsoa.
Li-washer ke mehele ea karolo e le 'ngoe e kentsoeng tšehetsong ea koranta e ka morao ea crankshaft.Masale a halofo ke lihalofo tsa mehele tse kenngoeng holim'a tšehetso ea ka morao kapa e 'ngoe ea likoranta tse bohareng tsa crankshaft.Kajeno, mehele ea halofo e sebelisoa haholo, kaha e fana ka sebaka se lekanang hantle le bokaholimo ba crankshaft mme e tsofala ka ho lekana, 'me e loketse ho kenya / ho qhaqha.Ho phaella moo, li-washer li ka kenngoa feela koranteng e ka morao ea shaft, 'me mehele ea halofo e ka kenngoa molaleng ofe kapa ofe.
Ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng, li-half-rings le li-washer li bonolo haholo.Li thehiloe holim'a setempe se tiileng sa boronse kapa setempe sa halofo-ring / selikalikoe, moo ho kenngoeng sekontiri se thibelang likhohlano, se fokotsang khohlano holim'a mokokotlo oa mohlahare oa shaft.Sebakeng sa antifriction, ho etsoa li-grooves tse peli kapa ho feta tse otlolohileng (maemong a mang radial) bakeng sa phallo ea mahala ea oli.Hape, likoti le lithapo tsa ho lokisa tsa libopeho tse fapaneng li ka fanoa ka lesale / lesale la halofo ho thibela karolo ho reteleha.
Ho ea ka thepa ea ho etsoa ha mehele ea halofo ke:
• Boronse bo tiileng;
• Steel-aluminium - alloy aluminium alloy e sebelisoa e le lera la antifriction;
• Metal-ceramic - ho fafatsa ka boronse-graphite ho sebelisoa e le lera la antifriction.
Masale a boronse a halofo
Mehele ea tšepe-aluminium halofo
Metal-ceramic halofo-rings
Kajeno, tšepe-aluminium le ceramic-metal half-rings li sebelisoa ka ho fetisisa, 'me hangata li kenngoa ka enjene e le' ngoe ka mahlakoreng a fapaneng a koranta ea tšehetso.
Masale a halofo a na le mefuta e 'meli ea boholo:
• Lebitso;
• Ho lokisa.
Likarolo tsa boholo ba lebitso li kentsoe lienjineng tse ncha le lienjineng tse sa khathaleng hanyane holim'a crankshaft le tšehetso.Likarolo tsa boholo ba ho lokisa li na le botenya bo eketsehileng (hangata ka li-increments tsa +0.127 mm) 'me li u lumella ho lefella ho roala ha marang-rang a crankshaft le tšehetso.
The crankshaft thrust bearing e ka fumaneha likoranteng tsa eona tse fapaneng:
- Ho e 'ngoe ea likoranta tse bohareng (ka li-engine tsa li-cylinder tse 'nè - ho ea boraro);
- Molala o ka morao (ho tloha lehlakoreng la flywheel).
Tabeng ena, ho sebelisoa mehele e 'meli kapa e mene ea halofo.Tabeng ea li-half-rings tse peli, li kenngoa ka har'a li-grooves tsa sekoahelo se ka tlaase (sekoahelo sa joko).Tabeng ea mehele e mene ea halofo, e kenngoa ka har'a li-grooves tsa sekoahelo se ka tlaase le tšehetso e ka holimo.Ho boetse ho na le lienjine tse nang le lesale le le leng feela la halofo kapa washer e le 'ngoe.
Mokhoa oa ho khetha le ho khutlisa mehele ea halofo ea crankshaft?
Ha nako e ntse e ea, li-half-rings, joalo ka li-bearings leha e le life tse hlakileng, lia felloa ke matla, ka lebaka leo papali ea axial ea crankshaft e eketsehang.Ts'ebetso ea ho khutlela morao (lekhalo) ea crankshaft e sebakeng sa 0.06-0.26 mm, boholo - e le molao, ha ea lokela ho feta 0.35-0.4 mm.Paramethara ena e lekanngoa ho sebelisoa letšoao le khethehileng le behiloeng qetellong ea crankshaft.Haeba backlash e feta boholo bo lumelletsoeng, mehele ea "half-ring" e tlameha ho nkeloa sebaka.
Mefuta e ka sehloohong ea li-sensor tsa khatello ea oli ea diaphragm (diaphragm).
Sensor ke ea mofuta oa ho ikopanya.Sesebelisoa se na le sehlopha sa ho ikopanya - lebitso le tsamaeang le fumanehang ho lera, le lebitso le tsitsitseng le amanang le 'mele oa sesebelisoa.Boemo ba mabitso bo khethiloe ka tsela eo ka khatello e tloaelehileng ea oli tsamaisong ea li-contacts li bulehile, 'me ka khatello e tlaase li koetsoe.Khatello ea monyako e behiloe ke selemo, e itšetlehile ka mofuta le mohlala oa enjene, kahoo li-sensor tsa mofuta oa ho ikopanya ha li fetohe kamehla.
Sensor ea Rheostat.Sesebelisoa se na le mohala o tsitsitseng oa rheostat le slide e hokahaneng le lera.Ha lesela le kheloha ho tloha boemong bo tloaelehileng, selaete se pota-pota se pota-pota ka setulo se sisinyehang le li-slide haufi le rheostat - sena se lebisa phetohong ea khanyetso ea rheostat, e hlahlojoang ke sesebelisoa sa ho lekanya kapa yuniti ea elektronike.Ka hona, phetoho ea khatello ea oli e bonahala ka phetoho ea khanyetso ea sensor, e sebelisetsoang litekanyo.
Ha u khetha li-half-rings, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko nuance ea bohlokoa: eseng feela mehele ea halofo, empa le libaka tse phunyeletsang tsa crankshaft li ka roaloa.Ka hona, lienjineng tse ncha, ha tumello ea crankshaft e eketseha, hangata ho hlokahala ho fetola mehele e senyehileng feela - tabeng ena, ho hlokahala ho reka likarolo tsa boholo ba lebitso.'Me ka lienjineng tse nang le lik'hilomithara tse ngata, ho roala ha bokaholimo ba crankshaft hoa hlokomeleha - ntlheng ena, hoa hlokahala ho reka mehele ea boholo ba tokiso.
Hoa hlokahala ho khetha mehele e mecha ea halofo ea mefuta e tšoanang le linomoro tsa thathamisano joaloka tsa khale.Ke habohlokoa hore li lumellane ka botlalo le litekanyo tsa ho kenya, 'me li be le seaparo se nepahetseng se thibelang likhohlano.Haholo-holo boemo ba ho qetela ke ba bohlokoa bakeng sa li-motors tseo ho tsona mehele ea halofo e nang le liphahlo tse fapaneng tse thibelang likhohlano li kenngoa qalong.Ka mohlala, lienjineng tse ngata tsa VAZ, semi-ring e ka morao ke tšepe ea ceramic, 'me e ka pele ke tšepe-aluminium,' me ha e fetohe.
Ho fetola mehele ea halofo ho lokela ho etsoa ho ea ka litaelo tsa tlhokomelo le ho lokisa koloi.Ho lienjineri tse ling, hoa hlokahala ho tlosa pallet le ho qhaqha sekoaelo se ka tlase sa mohatla, ho li-motors tse ling ho tla hlokahala ho etsa disassembly e tebileng haholoanyane.Ha u kenya mehele e mecha, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko mokhoa oa bona - ho roala antifriction (eo hangata ho fanoang ka li-grooves) ho lokela ho kenngoa marameng a crankshaft.
Ka khetho e nepahetseng le ho kenya mehele ea halofo, li-thrust bearings li tla netefatsa papali e tloaelehileng ea crankshaft le ts'ebetso e tšepahalang ea enjene eohle.
Nako ea poso: Aug-21-2023