Phetiso le phetoho ea torque ka lebokoseng la li-gear li etsoa ke likere tsa bophara bo fapaneng.Li-gear tsa lebokose la li-gear li bokelloa ho seo ho thoeng ke li-blocks - bala ka li-gear block tsa mabokose, sebopeho sa tsona le ts'ebetso ea tsona, hammoho le tlhokomelo le tokiso ea tsona, sehloohong sena.
Sepheo sa li-gear blocks le sebaka sa tsona ka lebokoseng la gear
Leha ho na le keketseho e ntseng e ata ea phetiso ea othomathiki, phetisetso ea matsoho (kapa ka letsoho) ha e lahleheloe ke botumo le bohlokoa ba tsona.Lebaka la sena le bonolo - li-transmissions tsa letsoho li bonolo ka moralo, li ka tšeptjoa ebile li fana ka menyetla e mengata ea ho khanna.Ntle le moo, mabokose a mochini a bonolo ho a lokisa le ho a hlokomela.
Joalokaha u tseba, ka phetisetso ea matsoho, li-shafts tse nang le likere tsa bophara ba mefuta e fapaneng li sebelisetsoa ho fetola torque, e ka kopanyang.Ha likoloi li chencha, li-gear tse peli li sebetsa, 'me ho itšetlehile ka karo-karolelano ea bophara ba tsona (le palo ea meno), torque e tlang ho li-axles tsa koloi e fetoha.Palo ea li-gear tse ka lebokoseng la likoloi tsa likoloi le literaka li ka tloha ho tse 'nè (ka li-gearbox tsa khale tsa 3-speed) ho isa ho tse supileng (ka li-gearbox tsa kajeno tsa boima ba 6-speed),' me e 'ngoe ea lipara e sebelisoa ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa morao.Ka mabokoseng a literekere le metjhini e fapaneng ea mechini e khethehileng, palo ea lipara tsa likere e ka fihla ho 12 kapa ho feta.
Li-gear tse ka lebokoseng li ka har'a li-shafts (ka bolokolohi kapa ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, sena se hlalositsoe ka tlase), 'me ho eketsa ts'episo le ho nolofatsa moralo, likere tse ling li bokelloa ka sebopeho se le seng - sekoahelo sa likere.
Sebaka sa gearbox ke sebopeho sa karolo e le 'ngoe ea likere tse 2 kapa ho feta tse potolohang ka lebelo le tšoanang la angular nakong ea ts'ebetso ea lebokose.Ho kopanya li-gear ho li-blocks ho etsoa ka mabaka a 'maloa:
- Ho nolofatsa moralo oa lebokose ka ho fokotsa palo ea likarolo tse sebelisoang.Kaha lisebelisoa tse le 'ngoe li hloka ho fana ka li-fasteners le ho khanna, ho kopana ho etsa hore likarolo tse arohaneng tsa gear ka' ngoe li se ke tsa hlokahala;
- Ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea likarolo tsa li-gearbox;
- Ho ntlafatsa ho tšepahala ha phetisetso (hape ka ho fokotsa likarolo le ho nolofatsa moralo).
Leha ho le joalo, li-block blocks li na le drawback e le 'ngoe: haeba e' ngoe ea likoloi e senyeha, u tlameha ho fetola boloko bohle.Ha e le hantle, sena se eketsa litšenyehelo tsa ho lokisoa, empa tharollo e joalo e lefa ka makhetlo a mangata ka mabaka a hlalositsoeng ka holimo.
A re hlahlobeng ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane mefuta e teng le likarolo tsa moralo oa li-block tsa gear tsa phetiso.
Mefuta le likarolo tsa moralo oa li-gear blocks
Li-gear blocks li ka aroloa ka lihlopha ho latela ts'ebetso le sepheo:
- Li-block tsa shaft tse mahareng;
- Li-block tsa lisebelisoa tsa shaft tse tsamaisoang (tsa bobeli);
- Khutlisetsa li-block blocks.
Tabeng ena, shaft ea koloi (ea mantlha) e atisa ho etsoa ka nako e le 'ngoe le lisebelisoa, e le hore sebaka se arohaneng sa gear se se ke sa hlahella ho sona.
Li-shafts tse mahareng tsa KP li ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli ho latela moralo oa li-block blocks:
- Li-gear tse tiileng le shaft li etsa ntho e le 'ngoe;
- Typesetting - li-gear block le shaft ke likarolo tse ikemetseng, tse bokelletsoeng ka sebopeho se le seng.
Tabeng ea pele, shaft le li-gear li entsoe ka mosebetsi o tšoanang, kahoo ke karolo e le 'ngoe e sa arohaneng.Li-shafts tse joalo ke tsona tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa, kaha li na le moralo o bonolo ka ho fetisisa le theko e tlaase.Boemong ba bobeli, sebopeho se bokelloa ho tloha moqomong le li-block tse peli kapa tse tharo kapa ho feta tse behiloeng ho eona.Empa ho sa tsotellehe boemo leha e le bofe, li-gear blocks holim'a countershaft li potoloha ka kakaretso.
Li-shafts tse khannoang (tsa bobeli) ke ho hlophisa feela, 'me li-gear blocks li ka potoloha ka bolokolohi holim'a shaft - li lokisoa ka thuso ea li-couplings feela nakong ea ho fetola gear e itseng.Ka lebaka la likarolo tsa moralo oa phetisetso ea tataiso, li-block tsa shaft ha li na li-gear tse fetang 2, 'me hangata tsena ke likere tsa likere tse haufi.Ka mohlala, likere tsa 1 le 2nd, 3rd le 4th gears, hammoho le 2nd le 3rd gears (haeba lisebelisoa tsa 1 li fumaneha ka thoko), joalo-joalo, li ka kopanngoa ka li-blocks.Ka nako e ts'oanang, likoloing tsa likoloi tsa 5-speed manual, gear ea sethaleng sa bohlano e etsoa ka thoko, kaha gear ea 4 hangata e otlolohile, 'me ha e buloa, "shaft e ka hare" e "tingoa" ho tloha lebokoseng la gear. tabeng ena, phallo ea torque e tsoa ka ho toba ho tloha moqomong oa koloi ho lekhoba).
Li-gear tse ka morao li lula li na le likere tse peli feela, e 'ngoe ea tsona e sebelisana le lisebelisoa tse itseng tsa countershaft' me ea bobeli e na le lisebelisoa tsa bobeli tsa shaft.Ka lebaka la khokahanyo ena, phallo ea torque e fetotsoe 'me koloi e ka khutlisetsoa morao.
Li-block tsa gearbox tsohle li na le moralo o ts'oanang - li entsoe ka mochini o le mong oa tšepe, 'me ke maemong a mang feela a nang le likarolo tse ling tsa ho tiisa moqomong kapa ho hokahana le likhokahano, hammoho le ho kenya li-bearings.Lebokose la gear le sebelisa likere tsa helical le tse tloaelehileng tsa spur.Ka mabokoseng a sejoale-joale, lisebelisoa tsa helical li sebelisoa hangata, tse etsang hore ho be le lerata le tlase nakong ea ts'ebetso.Leha ho le joalo, li-gears tse ka morao hangata li etsoa ka spur, kaha li sebetsa ka lebelo le tlase mme boemo ba lerata ha bo bohlokoa ho tsona.Ka mokhoa oa khale oa phetisetso ea matsoho, lisebelisoa tsohle kapa hoo e ka bang tsohle li spur.
Li-gear blocks li entsoe ka likarolo tse itseng tsa tšepe, kaha li na le meroalo e meholo nakong ea ts'ebetso.Hape, ka sebopeho, li-gear blocks ke likarolo tse kholo le tse kholo tse mamellang ka katleho ts'okelo le metjhini e meng, hammoho le meroalo ea mocheso.Empa ho sa tsotellehe sena, li-block blocks li hloka ho lokisoa nako le nako kapa ho nkeloa sebaka.
Litaba tsa ho lokisa le ho fetola li-gear blocks
Li-gear blocks li sebetsa maemong a thata, ka hona, ho ka hlaha mathata a fapaneng ho tsona ha nako e ntse e ea.Pele ho tsohle, li-gear li khetholloa ke ho roala meno, ao, ha e le hantle, a ke keng a thibeloa.Ka ts'ebetso e bonolo ea koloi, ho roala ha li-gear blocks ha ho matla haholo, kahoo li ka sebetsa ka lilemo tse mashome, 'me ho nkeloa sebaka ha likarolo tsena ka lebaka la ho apara ha ho hlokahale ka seoelo.
Hangata, lebaka la ho fetola likere ke ho senyeha ha tsona, ho phunyeha, ho robeha le ho phunya meno, kapa ho senyeha ka ho feletseng (ho atisang ho etsahala ha ho sebetsa lebokose la gear le nang le meno a robehileng).Litšitiso tsena kaofela li bonahatsoa ke lerata le ntseng le eketseha la li-gearbox, ponahalo ea melumo e tsoang kantle ho naha, ho sila kapa ho phunya nakong ea ts'ebetso le gearing, hammoho le ts'ebetso e mpe ea lebokose la li-gear ka likere tse le 'ngoe kapa ho feta.Maemong ana kaofela, gearbox e lokela ho lokisoa 'me block block e lokela ho nkeloa sebaka.Re ke ke ra nahana ka mokhoa oa ho lokisa mona, kaha ho itšetlehile ka mofuta le mohlala oa lebokose, tlhaloso e feletseng e ka fumanoa litaelong tsa tlhokomelo le tokiso ea koloi.
Ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea li-block blocks le lebokose lohle, ho lokisoa ha phetisetso ho lokela ho etsoa, hammoho le ho tsamaisa koloi ka hloko le ka bokhabane - ho bulela le ho tima likere ka nepo, khanna ka lebelo le nepahetseng bakeng sa maemo a hajoale, jj. .
Nako ea poso: Aug-27-2023